St. Caprasius, martyr at Agen in Gaul.
St. Primus, martyr at Agen in Gaul.
St. Felician, martyr at Agen in Gaul.
St. Datius, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Zosimus, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Januarius, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Dorothea, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Zosimus, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Januaria, martyr at Pozzuoli in Campania;
St. Eutychius, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Promachus, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Lucius, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Marcellinus, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Bermiacus, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Zosimus, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. Januarius, martyr at Nicomedia.
St. John, martyr at Civita Castellana in Italy.
St. Marcian, martyr at Civita Castellana in Italy.
St. Barsabias, martyr in Persia.
Ten holy companions, martyrs in Persia.
St. Artemius, martyr at Antioch.
St. Agricola, presbyter and confessor, at Soissons in Gaul.
St. Bradan, on the Isle of Man.
St. Orora, on the Isle of Man.
St. Sindulphus, presbyter and confessor, in the district of Reims.
St. Fintan Corach, confessor, in Ireland.
St. Fintan Moeldubh, confessor, in Ireland.
Bl. Sonnatius, bishop and confessor, at Reims in Gaul.
St. John III, bishop and confessor, at Como in Italy.
St. Irene, virgin and martyr, in Lusitania.
St. Vitalis, bishop and confessor, at Salzburg in Germany.
St. Acca, bishop and confessor, at Augulstadia in England.
St. Aderald, archdeacon and confessor, at Troyes in Gaul.
Bl. Humbald, bishop and confessor, at Auxerre in Gaul.
Bl. Geoffrey, abbot, at Savigny in Normandy.
Bl. Serlo, abbot, at Savigny in Normandy.
Bl. William, novice, at Savigny in Normandy.
St. Adelina, abbess, at Savigny in Normandy.
St. John Cantius, presbyter and confessor, at Kraków.
St. Severinus, apostle of the Norici, is venerated at Naples and in the whole diocese with a double office on this day, on which his relics were translated, in the year 910, from the Castle of Lucullus (Lucullanum). So Bolland in his adversaria. This translation was spoken of in the Acts on 8 January.
At Minden, the heavenly birthday of St. Felician, bishop and martyr, the Roman Martyrology commemorates, from the Auctarium of Molanus to Usuard. Several other Usuardine Auctaria, showing the name of St. Felician on this day, may be seen in Sollerius. Baronius had already conjectured in the Notes to the Roman Martyrology that this St. Felician is the one of Foligno. And indeed, although some Spaniards, deceived by the dreams of the fabulous Flavius Lucius Dexter Flavius Lucius Dexter, Chronicle at the year 308, p. 365, Bivar's edition 1627., believed him to be bishop of Málaga, yet that Baronius's conjecture entirely agrees with the truth is clear from what our predecessors set out on 24 January; but that he is venerated on the present day at Minden in Westphalia is caused by the translation of the relics which the emperor Otto the Great carried from Italy into those parts in the year 965: all of which you may see more thoroughly explained on the day Acts of the Saints, volume II of January, p. 581. on which this saint is venerated at Foligno, 24 January.
The translation of St. Valerius Marieta marks on this day, on account of the translation of a bone of the arm of this bishop of Saragossa, made in the year 1121, as our predecessors teach in his Acts on 28 January.
The eulogy of St. Cornelius the Centurion, bishop of Scamander, is woven on this day in the Menologium of Basil; concerning the cultus, deeds and episcopate of this man, most celebrated in the Acts of the Apostles, Bolland has already discussed in our work on 2 February.
The translation of St. Austreberta, V., is reported on this day by the Altemps Auctarium of Usuard and the Brussels one of St. Gudula, both in Sollerius; and I find it noted by Henschen that in his time it was celebrated on this day with a double feast in the church of Saint-Omer. Bolland already marked this translation Ibid., volume II of February, p. 418. in the Commentary on St. Austreberta, abbess of Pavilly, on the day on which she is venerated, 10 February.
The finding of St. Marcian, bishop and martyr of Tortona, Ferrarius celebrates today, and rightly; see it illustrated in our work on 6 March.
The translation of St. Pancras is marked today by the manuscript Florarium of our predecessors. Bolland judged that St. Pancras, Roman martyr, was meant, of whom it was spoken in our work on 12 March.
St. Quirinus, priest and martyr, is recorded today by the Lübeck-Cologne edition of Usuard; Sollerius adds that this Quirinus is unknown to him. But the title of priest created darkness for the hagiographer; for there can be no doubt that St. Quirinus, the Roman martyr, is meant here. Namely, in the Missals and Breviaries of Maastricht (Trajectum ad Mosam) of the beginning of the 16th century, of which we have several, St. Quirinus is marked on this day also. That this Quirinus, moreover, is in fact the Martyr and Roman Tribune is made manifest even by the very cultus of this St. Quirinus in these parts, from the time when his relics were brought from Rome to Neuss on the Rhine in the year 1050, and from there dispersed to various places of Belgium. See therefore his Acts in our work on 30 March.
The memory of St. Dionysius is recalled on the present day in two Arabic Calendars of the Copts, for the edition of which we are indebted to His Eminence Cardinal Mai. In the one Scriptorum veterum nova Collectio, volume IV, part II, p. 18. he is called the Astronomer, in the other, more recent one Ibid., p. 98., bishop of Corinth, martyr under the emperors Diocletian and Maximian; but in the Ethiopic Calendar, which Ludolf published Historia Aethiopica, p. 395., he is barely called bishop. No Dionysius comes down to the times of Diocletian in the order of the prelates of Corinth Compare Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, volume II, column 158.; perhaps St. Dionysius is meant, most celebrated from the Ecclesiastical History of Eusebius, who flourished under M. Aurelius Antoninus and L. Aelius Verus, and is celebrated in the Roman Martyrology on the day on which our predecessors spoke of him, 8 April.
At Gniezno in Poland, the translation of St. Adalbert, bishop and martyr, from the monastery of Trzemeszno to that city is announced today by Ménard and Ferrarius. Henschen illustrated this translation in our work on the heavenly birthday of St. Adalbert, 23 April.
The Life of St. Zenobius, bishop of Florence, the hagiographer Butler gave on this day, warning, however, that his feast is kept at Florence on the day on which it was spoken of him at length in our work, 25 May.
I find St. Joel the prophet on this day in some Calendars of the Copts [Compare Mai, Scriptorum veterum nova Collectio, volume IV, part II, p. 18 and 98.]; he was dealt with in our work on 13 July.
The memory of Sts. Avelsus and Valerian, disciples of Christ, is made on this day by Greven and by the manuscript Florarium which was in the possession of our predecessors. But that these names of disciples of Christ are to be held as entirely worthless our predecessors have already shown Acts of the Saints, volume IV of July, p. 17.. If anyone wishes a Commentary, worked out with much care, on the disciples of Christ and of the Apostles, let him go to the little work of Ludewig on the Apostles of Christ Die Apostel Jesu Christi, p. 90 and following, Quedlinburg, 1841.; but if on their cultus, let him read our Cuper's writing on the day on which their memory is commonly inscribed in the sacred Fasti, 15 July.
The memory of the holy Apostles Tertius, or Terentius, bishop of Iconium, Mark, bishop of Apolloriad, or the blameless Barnabas, and Jesus called Justus, bishop of Eleutheropolis, and Artemius, bishop of Lystra, is celebrated today in the Sirmond Menologium (as our predecessors used to call it) and in the manuscript Synaxarion of the Ruthenians. These, moreover, are listed by the Greeks among the seventy-two disciples of Jesus Christ, of whom, as we were just saying, it was treated in our work on 15 July.
The heavenly birthday of Simplicius, whose chastity and life, proved by miracles, was the cause of salvation for many, so that a multitude of three thousand men were received into the bosom of mother church and washed in the fountain of the life-giving laver. So Rabanus in the Martyrology In Canisius, Antiquae Lectiones, volume II, p. 344.. Similarly Notker: Likewise of Simplicius, whose approved life was for many the cause of salvation, so that three thousand men, baptized, were received into the bosom of mother church Ibid., p. 182.. It has seemed good to recite these words, above all so that it may appear that Notker's words were taken from Rabanus, and that this commemoration is therefore owed to him alone. Further, how disordered the Martyrology of Rabanus is was sufficiently shown in the present volume in the Commentary on St. Florentius of Trier See above, p. 30.. On the authority of Rabanus alone, therefore, we are in no way prevented from holding this St. Simplicius to be the same as the one of Autun, although Rabanus himself made mention of him on 24 June In Canisius, p. 332.. But that he is the same seems able to be made out by these arguments: first, Notker omitted on 24 June the deposition of St. Simplicius of Autun, although he read it in Rabanus; which omission does not seem attributable to any other cause than that he did not wish to double the name of St. Simplicius in his Martyrology; second, certain deeds of St. Simplicius seem to have lit the way for Rabanus, and so this saint must have been illustrious in his age; why then (if he is different) was he hidden from the other subsequent Martyrologists? Third, what is related of St. Simplicius in this encomium of Rabanus is fitted quite easily to St. Simplicius of Autun. For it is asserted that his chastity and life were proved by miracles. Now in his Life, which Henschen published from the Glory of the Confessors of St. Gregory of Tours Acts of the Saints, volume IV of June, p. 813., we find that this is altogether the chief praise of St. Simplicius of Autun; for in testimony of his chastity he himself with his wife received burning coals without harm to their clothing. By this miracle, St. Gregory goes on thus, the people, who were then unbelieving, believed in God; and within seven days more than a thousand men were reborn by the renewal of the sacred laver. Whom the church, receiving them with joy, joined through these soldiers to the heavenly kingdom. Rabanus and Notker have three thousand: but an alteration of numbers is too easy for a solid difficulty to arise from it. See therefore the Acts of this St. Simplicius on 24 June.
That the second finding of the holy martyrs Maurus the pontiff, Pantaleon and Sergius is celebrated on 20 October at Bisceglie (Vigiliae) in Apulia is testified by the offices of that church. On which matter see the Commentary on these holy martyrs on the day on which they are inscribed in the Roman Martyrology, 17 July.
The commemoration of the Reception of Sts. George the deacon and Aurelius, martyrs, is made on this day by Usuard, the Roman Martyrology, Galesini, Saussay and others. Ménard speaks more clearly in the Benedictine Martyrology on this day, though wrongly placing this reception at Paris in the monastery of St. Germain: At Paris, he says, in the monastery of St. Germain, the translation of the relics of St. George the monk, of St. Aurelius and of the head of St. Natalia, otherwise Sabigotho, wife of St. Aurelius. These are, namely, the martyrs of Córdoba slain by the Saracens in the year 852; part of whose relics Usuard carried to the villa of Acmanta in the year 858: of which matter it was spoken in the Commentaries on St. Vincent inserted in the present volume See above, p. 85.. For the rest, see the history of their passion and translation in our work on the day Volume VI of July, p. 450 and following. on which their heavenly birthday is kept, 27 July.
St. Neot, priest and confessor, is recorded today by the Altemps codex of Usuard, which Sollerius shows to have been enlarged in England and so to have been for the use of the church of Winchester Preface to Usuard, p. LXIII, n. 253.. Whence it may be gathered that this St. Neot is English; and since the English celebrate only one saint of this name, that he is Neot, first a monk and priest of Glastonbury, then a hermit, and afterwards founder of the monastery distinguished by his name. Besides, Mabillon, and after him Cuper Acts of the Saints, volume VII of July, p. 318, n. 27., have already stated that Ethelwold of Winchester seems to have had some part in translating the relics of St. Neot from Cornwall to Huntingdonshire. No doubt therefore can remain that St. Neot is meant here, whose Life certain Anglicans recently published Lives of the English Saints, Hermit Saints, p. 73 and following, London, 1844., and our predecessors on 31 July.
Bl. Leo Bembo, bishop of Modon (Methone), and venerated chiefly at Venice, appears today, on account of a translation made in the year 1643, in the Italian Hagiologium; of him it was spoken in our work on 9 August.
At Cologne, in the church of the holy eleven thousand Virgins, the commemoration of St. Hippolytus, martyr, and his companions, the body of which Hippolytus rests there by translation. This martyrdom and translation our Pien illustrated on the day on which these most celebrated Roman martyrs are inscribed in the Roman Martyrology, 13 August.
The commemoration of the holy fathers and confessors Hypatius the bishop and Andrew the priest is held on this day in the Greek Menologium which Henricus Canisius published from the translation of Cardinal Sirleto. We dealt with them, with the Roman Martyrology, on 24 August.
The translation of St. Faith is announced today by the manuscript Florarium which was in the possession of our predecessors. Concerning this translation see in the present volume the Acts of St. Caprasius, and the Acts of St. Faith herself on 6 October.
A commemoration of St. Demetrius, M., at Sirmium in Pannonia, Ferrarius has on this day. But Farlati, in the Illyrian Martyrology and in the history of the church of Sirmium, knows of no Demetrius of Sirmium on this day [Compare Illyricum Sacrum, volume VII, p. 449 and following, volume VIII, p. 291 and following.]. There is no doubt, therefore, that St. Demetrius of Thessalonica is meant here, since Farlati, writing of the names of Sirmium, has this Ibid., volume VII, p. 449.: The common word by which this city is customarily called by some historians in a later age, and by the inhabitants down to this age in their native tongue, is Mitrovitrium; that is, city or town of Demetrius, from the most celebrated church which Leontius, prefect of Illyricum, had built in the 6th century to St. Demetrius, Martyr of Thessalonica. See these things more fully set forth in our work on the day on which this saint is inscribed in the Roman Martyrology, 8 October.
The feast of St. Andronicus, M., is indicated on this day in the manuscript Mazarin Menologium; he seems to be the companion of Sts. Probus and Tarachus, with whom our predecessors dealt on 11 October.
That the commemoration of St. Andrew in Crisi is made on this day in the more ancient sacred Fasti was noted in his Acts on 17 October.
Sts. Felicia, martyr, and Justus, a boy, are recorded today by Greven. This Felicia is the mother of this St. Justus the boy; of both it was spoken on the day on which St. Justus is venerated, 18 October.
Sts. Felix and Augebert, martyrs, are venerated on this day in some places; they were dealt with in the present volume on 18 October.
At Antioch, of Berora, Pelagia and forty-nine others, mention is made today in the Dijon Auctarium of Bede Acts of the Saints, volume II of March, p. XXXV.. It is a mere transposition from the preceding day, on which they were spoken of, 19 October.
The memory of St. Cleopatra, a nun in Muscovy, appears today in Chastelain from the Ruthenian Ephemerides published by Papebroch; she appears likewise among the Ruthenian Saints in Culcinius. Papebroch, Culcinius and Assemani Compare his Kalendaria ecclesiae universae, volume V, p. 310. laboured to track down who she was. The reader will find this question solved in the Commentary on St. Varus at 19 October.
Sts. Sadoth and 120 companions, martyrs in Persia, are recorded today by Ferrarius; see at 19 October.
Of St. Veranus it was spoken at 19 October.
The heavenly birthday at Rome of Asterius, priest, is presented on this day by the Barberini Auctarium of Bede Acts of the Saints, volume II of March, p. XXXV.. It is a transposition from the preceding day, 19 October.
Among the Alexandrians, of St. Pelagia, who is called the sinner: a long encomium is woven on this day in the Hagenau Auctarium of Usuard; it is a confusion with St. Pelagia of Antioch, of whom it was spoken on the preceding day, 19 October.
In the diocese of Auxerre, the dedication of the basilica of Pontigny; on the same day was consecrated the church of Chaalis (Caroli locus) in the diocese of Senlis; of La Merci-Dieu (de Misericordia) in the diocese of Poitiers; of Porigniacum in Aquitaine; and of Vaulx (de Valloliis) among the Morini. From the Cistercian Calendar.
The consecration of the metropolitan church of Milan, performed by St. Charles Borromeo, is celebrated today by the Martyrology of Milan.
St. Ammonius Victor, M., brought in the year 1642 from the Catacombs to Lucca into St. John's, is read on his tomb, which is met with here and there, to have died on this day.
The memory of St. Maximus, deacon and martyr, at Amiens is consigned to this day by Saussay and others. But in the Calendar prefixed to the Breviary of Amiens of the year 1554, and similarly in the more recent liturgical books, the name of St. Maximus does not appear at all. Chastelain therefore omitted him, understanding well enough that it is a mere error of Saussay. This martyrologist, namely, hammered out a St. Maximus of Amiens from St. Maximus, deacon and martyr of Avienum, who at this time is chiefly venerated on 19 October (on which day we gave his Acts), but formerly, as also now, in the Roman Martyrology on 20 October; more about this blunder we omit.
The name of St. Neon, M., is read on this day in the Hieronymian codices of Gellone, Augsburg, Labbe and Lorsch; in the Usuardine Auctaria of Cluny, of Altemps, of Belin and of Molanus; in the Martyrology which they call that of Canisius, and in the Catalogue of Ferrarius. Sollerius wrote of this saint in his Usuard: I know seven Neons; which is marked here I do not know. In his manuscript collectanea Henschen conjectured that he is the same as St. Neon, who is praised at 17 January in the genuine Usuard. We have nothing by which to distinguish him from the others or to indicate the place of his contest. In the 10th century he was venerated in the abbey of St. Maximin at Trier, as is established from a Calendar of that age published by Hontheim Prodromus Historiae Trevirensis, volume I, p. 378., and preserved with us in manuscript; but although we abound in writings on the affairs and Saints of Trier, and especially of St. Maximin, no light shines on us from this,
Walafer, archbishop of Duffel (Duffelensis), otherwise of Durham, or of Dunblane in Scotland, or even of Dublin in Ireland, who instructed Rumold in the sciences, our predecessors have quite often already sent off among those passed over, and at last marked him to be subjected to examination on the present day, on which he is praised by Camerarius. But I shall first observe that there were never archbishops of Duffel; that the episcopal see of Durham was created only in the year 995, after Lindisfarne had been abandoned Monasticon Anglicanum, new edition, volume I, p. 221.; that that of Dublin lies wrapped in darkness, no one is unaware. For although d'Alton The memoirs of the archbishops of Dublin, p. 16 and following. proposes some series of bishops or archbishops, which takes its beginning from St. Livinus; yet Lanigan Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, chapter XX, § V, volume III, p. 288., a most acute investigator of Irish affairs, does not hesitate to write thus: St. Sedulius, he says, abbot and, according to some, bishop in Ath-Cliath, now called Dublin, is reported to have died in the year 786. If he was in fact a bishop, he will be the only one whom Dublin can contend for claiming for itself before the 11th century. Whence he is altogether ignorant of Walafer, or Gualafer, whom d'Alton himself The memoirs, etc., p. 21. confesses to be known to him only from the Auctarium of Molanus. The see of Dunblane, or Dumblane, moreover, was founded only by King David II about the year 1152, as Carlisle relates Topographical Dictionary of Scotland, under Dunblane.; nor does Pinkerton number it among the more ancient sees of Scotland An inquiry into the History of Scotland, volume II, p. 259 and following.. Gualafer's see being thus removed, the question remains what the name itself is worth, which seems to have come to light only in the middle of the 16th century in Domyns's Life of St. Rumold; let others solve it. For me, let it be enough to have noted here the things by which Walafer seems to be excluded from our work.
The memory of St. Colman is celebrated on this day in the Irish Martyrology of Tallaght, and then mention is thrown in as if of another Colman, namely of Drom-grene. The Martyrologies of Donegal and of Marianus Gorman list on this day one Colman of Tuam-grene; wherefore we judge that the double Colman of the Martyrology of Tallaght is a fault. For the rest, in the same Martyrology on this same day St. Fintan Moeldubh is split in two, and similarly St. Aedan Ingeldi of Mag-eo. Drom-greine, or rather Tuam-greine, was a monastery in Thomond, burned in the year 1084 Colgan, Trias Thaumaturga, p. 634, column 2., over which St. Manchinus, who died in the year 735, had formerly presided The same, Acts of the Saints of Ireland, p. 322, n. 2.. More about this St. Colman is hidden from us.
St. Aedan, or Aidan, Ingeldi of Mag-eo, who departed this life in the year of the Lord 650, appears on this day in the Martyrology of Donegal, and (as was said in the preceding memory, split in two) in the Martyrology of Tallaght. Colgan mentions him twice, first where he records twenty-two Aids or Aidans from the Martyrologies Acts of the Saints of Ireland, p. 221, column 1., then where he weaves the history of the church of Mayo (Mageonensis), situated in western Connacht Ibid., p. 605, column 2.; but he too seems to have known only the bare name of this holy abbot.
St. Moeleonius, bishop and anchorite, is praised on this day in the Martyrologies of Donegal and of Marianus Gorman: more about him I do not find.
The feast of Jusab, or Jucab, otherwise Joseph, patriarch of Alexandria, is marked in a manuscript Coptic Martyrology, his death in two other manuscripts, and his bare name in a fourth manuscript and in the Ethiopic Calendar published by the care of Ludolf Historia Aethiopica, p. 395.; but since he was a Jacobite heretic, ordained on 17 November of the year 831 and dying on 20 October of the year 859 Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, volume II, column 466 and following., we pass him over entirely.
The name of Scieb Tho. occurs to me today in a manuscript version of the Chaldaic or Syriac Calendar printed at Rome in the year 1624: more about him I do not find.
Theodard, abbot of St. Elias, is consigned to this day in the manuscript Calendar of the house of St. Saviour at Antwerp. That there exists a Basilian monastery of St. Elias in Sicily may be seen in the Acts of St. Elias at 20 July Volume IV of July, page 8.; but among the Basilian Saints who come after the Roman Martyrology there is no Theodard. I find it noted that he was a Benedictine and a Cistercian; but among the Benedictine or Cistercian Saints there is likewise no place for an abbot Theodard.
Caprasius, prior of Carmel, is recorded on this day by an ancient Carmelite Calendar of Mechelen; but go to our Passed Over at 15 October, where you will see that to the Carmelite annalist Lezana he does not seem to be numbered among the Saints.
An Anonymous Martyr Arthur adorns with the title of blessed on this day in the Franciscan Menologium, and places the scene of his contest at Ancona. The Minorites of Ancona wrote to Bolland that he was entirely unknown to them.
The memory of Priscus, confessor, is made today by Greven. But since he is alone, and we find no other Auctaria of Martyrologies or Calendars in which St. Priscus appears today, and since besides Greven so often transfers Saints to other days, that Priscus the confessor seems to be held as one of those whose life has been illustrated on various days, and who are too many in number to be indicated here.
Bl. Catherine Colombini, cousin of St. John Colombini and foundress of the Jesuatesses, who died on 20 October in the year 1307, the Fasti of Siena and a great many other writers call by the title of blessed, but, says Cuper Acts of the Saints, volume VII of July, p. 353,, Ferrarius in the Catalogue of the Saints of Italy and other martyrologists have not mentioned her. Whence I suspect that public veneration is not shown to this Catherine, and that she is to be placed on 20 October among those passed over, after our custom. For that reason, on this occasion (namely of St. John Colombini, founder of the Jesuati), I wished to transcribe here her chief deeds, since perhaps mention of them will never otherwise have to be made in our work. So he. Nor have we been more fortunate in finding signs of cultus, although for several centuries now her name is hardly brought forward without the title of blessed. Let the reader therefore see the Commentary on St. John Colombini, numbers 142 and following, and Helyot in the History of the Religious Orders.
James, archbishop of Lviv (Leopolitanus); Alexander of Hales, doctor of Paris; Francis of Codonia, at San Severino; Melchior of Benevento, at Puebla (Angelopolis); Seraphina, Virgin, at Rome, are adorned with the title of Blessed on this day by Arthur in the Franciscan martyrology; but this appellation is worth no more than "of good memory".
The Marquis Garcia, a Spaniard, of Zamora; Francis de Joyeuse, in the territory of Ciudad (civitatensi); Agnes and Isabella, daughters of Henry II, king of Castile; Joanna Merzenich, at Aachen, are recorded today with praise by Hueber in the Franciscan Menologium, where you also have most of those listed by Arthur.
The memory of Irmengard, daughter of King Louis, in the monastery of the island of Chiemsee, appears again in Bucelin. See what was said of her among those passed over on 16 July.
Diorchildis, V., a Benedictine, in the territory of Meaux; Seraphina, V., Abbess, a Poor Clare, at Rome; and Elizabeth of God, V., a Cistercian at Arouca in Portugal, are given the title of blessed on this day in the Gynecaeum of Arthur.
The memory of Bl. Gaspar Arnoldi, of Dinslaken, a Menapian, who suffered at the hands of the heretics in the year 1572, is recalled today by Gelenius, book 4, De magnitudine Coloniae Agrippinensis.
The Ven. Ursula Benincasa, foundress of the Theatine nuns, who died in the odour of sanctity at Naples in the year 1618, Chastelain in the supplement Page 717. orders to be ascribed to this day in his Martyrology; but we are nevertheless compelled to pass her over, because we have detected no signs of ecclesiastical cultus: for the rest, several lives of her are in circulation, and she is treated at length in the History of the Theatines.
The feast of St. Malchus is announced today in a manuscript Coptic Calendar; but in the whole synaxarion or martyrology of the Alexandrian church of the Copts, which Michael, bishop of Atrib and Meliga, published about the year 1425 Mai, Scriptorum veterum nova collectio, volume IV, part II, p. 93., the name of no St. Malchus occurs. Whence the saint does not seem to be a Copt by nation. I hardly doubt, therefore, that he is the same as St. Malchus, monk of Maronia near Antioch in Syria, of whom we shall speak, with the Roman Martyrology, on 21 October.
At Cologne, the passion of the holy Virgins Martha and Saula with many others: these are the words of the Roman Martyrology on this day, Baronius subjoining in the Notes that Usuard and old manuscripts agree about these on this day. Which the reader will find to be entirely true from Sollerius's edition of Usuard. On the present day too they are celebrated by Galesini, by Arthur in the Gynecaeum, and by Ferrarius in the new topography to the Roman Martyrology, under the word Colonia. Nevertheless it is to be observed that these names come on the following day in the Calendar of the German church of Cologne of the ninth century, published by the learned man Anton Joseph Binterim, in which at 21 October we read: S. Hilarionis et scarum XI virg. Ursule Sencie Gregorie Pinose Marthe Saule Britule Satnine Rabacie Saturie Palladie [Of St. Hilarion, and of the holy eleven virgins, Ursula, Sencia, Gregoria, Pinosa, Martha, Saula, Britula, Satnina, Rabacia, Saturia, Palladia]; whence it is clear that Sts. Martha and Saula are of the band of Ursula; of which Usuard makes no mention on the day on which we shall deal with it, together with the Roman Martyrology itself, 21 October.
In the monastery of Tholey (Toleiensis), the deposition of St. Vandelinus, or Wendelin, abbot, formerly son of the king of the Scots: so Ménard on this day, having as companions Wion in the Lignum vitae, Molanus in the Auctarium to Usuard, Ferrarius, Saussay, and the Irish and Farfa Calendars which were in the possession of our predecessors. We shall speak of him on the day on which his cultus is more illustrious, 21 October.
Bl. Berthold, bishop of the Livonians, is marked on this day by Gelenius in the sacred and pious Fasti of Cologne De Coloniae Agrippinae Magnitudine, book IV, p. 733.. Although I hardly doubt that this second bishop of the Livonians formerly had certain beginnings of ecclesiastical cultus, since an old chronicle, treating of the martyrs of Üxküll (Ykeskola), relates these things, which show a singular regard toward the martyrs and the bishops Gruber, Origines Livoniae, p. 37.: Their bodies rest in the church of Üxküll, and they have been placed beside the tombs of the bishops Meinhard and Berthold; of whom the first was a confessor; the second, a martyr, as was said above, fell slain by the same Livonians; although, I say, it seems very probable that some beginnings of cultus existed, such as images and statues with the title of Saint, an elevation of the relics above the ground, votive offerings and other like things, yet since these are not established for us, it is not yet permitted us to deal with Bl. Berthold; but if anyone teaches us these things, we shall gladly speak both of Bl. Berthold and of Bl. Meinard, and of the Livonian martyrs, and so of the origins of this church, on the day on which Bucelin brings forward the name of Bl. Berthold, 21 October.
St. Hilarion, St. Asterius and St. Viator come today in Notker by an error of one day; we shall speak of them on 21 October.
The memory of the holy martyrs Stephen, Paul, Peter and Andrew, bishop, who suffered for the defence of the holy Images under Constantine Copronymus, is recalled today by the manuscript Menaea of the Ambrosian Library, marked with the sigla F. N. 178; we shall deal with them on the day on which other sacred Fasti, Greek and Latin, celebrate their praises, 28 November.
At Rome, the martyrdom of St. Eusebius, priest, and of St. Marcellus, deacon, beheaded under the emperor Valerian and the prefect Nummius Albinus, Chastelain celebrates in his supplement. We shall speak of them and their companions, with the Roman Martyrology, on 2 December.
At Autun of the Aedui, the raising of the body of St. Lazarus, beloved of Christ, bishop and martyr, made in the times of Louis VII, is announced today by Saussay; the monuments bearing on this matter were collected by the Rev. M. Faillon Monuments sur l'apostolat de Sainte Marie-Madeleine, etc., volume I, column 72[ and following.]: see these, until it is spoken of St. Lazarus in our work, according to the Roman Martyrology, on 17 December.
The memory of St. Walfred, or Wilfred, first abbot of Hohentwiel (Duellium) in Germany, we have found consigned to this day in the adversaria of our predecessors; we shall speak of him, with Bucelin, on 20 December.
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